References and resources

Reports

  • Birmingham Policy Commission (2021) Securing Technology-critical metals for Britain. University of Birmingham, Birmingham Centre for Strategic Elements & EPSRC Critical Materials & Critical Elements and Materials (CrEAM) Network, 167pp https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/energy/research/centre-strategic-elements-critical-materials/securing-technology-critical-metals-for-britain Accessed 18.02.2025.
  • Petavratzi, E, Horn, S, Shaw, R, Josso, P. 2024. A UK foresight study of materials in decarbonisation technologies. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/24/005. 71pp. https://ukcmic.org/downloads/reports/demand-foresight-studies/ukcmic-foresight-report-traction-motors.pdf
  • Petavratzi, E, Josso, P, Shaw, R, Horn, S, Hsu, W-T & Singh, N 2024b. A UK foresight study of materials in decarbonisation technologies: the case of wind turbines. British Geological Survey CR/24/009N. (Keyworth, UK: BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.) https://ukcmic.org/downloads/reports/demand-foresight-studies/ukcmic-foresight-report-wind-turbines.pdf

Companies

REE exploration, recycling and manufacturing companies listed in the UK:

  • Arnold Magnetics https://www.arnoldmagnetics.co.uk/
  • Altona Rare Earths Plc https://altonare.com/
  • Bunting https://www.bunting-berkhamsted.com/magnets/neodymium-magnets/
  • European Metal Recycling Ltd. https://uk.emrgroup.com/
  • Hypromag Ltd https://hypromag.com/
  • Ionic Rare Earths Ltd https://ionicre.com/
  • Less Common Metals Ltd https://lesscommonmetals.com/
  • Mkango Resources Ltd https://mkango.ca/
  • Pensana Plc https://pensana.co.uk/

Journal articles

  • Hsu, W.T., Petavratzi, E., Zils, M., Einarsson, S., Morasae, E.K., Lysaght, O. and Hopkinson, P. (2024) Mapping the flows and stocks of permanent magnets rare earth elements for powering a circular economy in the UK. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 47, pp.37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2024.03.027
  • Mahanty, S. (2024). Presentation given at NICER Insights webinar series on Roadmaps. ‘Analytical groundwork for circular economy roadmaps based on a soft systems approach.
  • Mahanty et al., 2024. Met4Tech Project Theme 4 team on Roadmapping.
  • Wall F., Rollat A., Pell R.S. (2017) Responsible Sourcing of Critical Metals, Elements, 13:313-318, https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.13.5.313
  • Zante, G., Elgar, C. E., Hartley, J. M., Mukherjee, R., Kettle, J., Horsfall, L. E., Walton, A., Harper, G. D. J., & Abbott, A. P. (2024). A toolbox for improved recycling of critical metals and materials in low-carbon technologies. RSC Sustainability, 2(2), 320-347. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SU00390F
  • Lee, R , Ahuja, J,& Cavoski, A 2024, 'Geopolitics of Access to Critical Minerals Necessary to Support Energy Transition', Global Energy Law and Sustainability, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 163-181. https://doi.org/10.3366/gels.2024.0122

Reports

  • Birmingham Policy Commission (2021) Securing Technology-critical metals for Britain. University of Birmingham, Birmingham Centre for Strategic Elements & EPSRC Critical Materials & Critical Elements and Materials (CrEAM) Network, 167pp https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/energy/research/centre-strategic-elements-critical-materials/securing-technology-critical-metals-for-britain Accessed 18.02.2025
  • Petavratzi, E, Horn, S, Shaw, R, Josso, P. 2024. A UK foresight study of materials in decarbonisation technologies. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/24/005. 71pp. https://ukcmic.org/downloads/reports/demand-foresight-studies/ukcmic-foresight-report-traction-motors.pdf
  • Petavratzi, E, Josso, P, Shaw, R, Horn, S, Hsu, W-T & Singh, N 2024b. A UK foresight study of materials in decarbonisation technologies: the case of wind turbines. British Geological Survey CR/24/009N. (Keyworth, UK: BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.) https://ukcmic.org/downloads/reports/demand-foresight-studies/ukcmic-foresight-report-wind-turbines.pdf
  • REE landscapes report – primary raw materials and the others in the set.

REE exploration, recycling and manufacturing companies listed in the UK:

  • Altona Rare Earths Plc https://altonare.com/
  • Hypromag Ltd https://hypromag.com/
  • Ionic Rare Earths Ltd https://ionicre.com/
  • Less Common Metals Ltd https://lesscommonmetals.com/
  • Mkango Resources Ltd https://mkango.ca/
  • Pensana Plc https://pensana.co.uk/

links to BSI and ISO standards development,

  • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362667265_Byproduct_critical_metal_supply_and_demand_and_implications_for_the_energy_transition_A_case_study_of_tellurium_supply_and_CdTe_PV_demand
  • Mahanty et al. (2024) paper in peer review. ‘Analytical groundwork for circular economy roadmaps based on a soft systems approach: A case study of lithium-ion batteries’.
  • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352550924000885?via%3Dihub
  • https://ukcmic.org/downloads/reports/demand-foresight-studies/ukcmic-foresight-report-wind-turbines-beta.pdf
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REE CE diagram